ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS IMPACT ON THE WORLD ECONOMY AND THE DYNAMICS OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
Abstract
The article summarizes the impact of TNCs on the performance of developed and developing countries: structuring the world economy and determining its dynamics, creating competition in world markets, controlling not only the economy, but also politics in developing countries, since they are the main investors, transferring knowledge in the field of technical equipment of production, stimulating international labor migration.
The indicators characterizing the external and internal influence of TNCs on the indicators of developed and developing countries are given. Such indicators include the amount of inflow and outflow of foreign direct investment, which directly affect the degree of production concentration under the influence of TNCs (respectively, the growth of GDP, its components).
The second group of indicators includes indicators that have an internal impact on developing countries. These include the share of the urban population, labor productivity, wage growth, growth in the value of real estate (gross fixed capital accumulation), which lead to an increase in GDP per capita, an increase in budget revenues and incomes of the population and a decrease in inequality.
The impact of TNCs on the indicators of industrialized countries, countries with economies in transition and developing countries on their growth or decline has been revealed, graphs of the dynamics of these indicators in the context of globalization since 2000 and the nationalization beginning in 2016 have been constructed.
The analysis of correlation coefficients between the amount of foreign direct investment and the performance indicators of prominent representatives of three groups of countries is carried out. The presence of dependence has been established only in a group of developing countries, which is associated with the specifics of the trajectory of their macroeconomic development.
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